CAUSES OF FEMALE INFERTILITY :
Infertility in women is a growing concern worldwide, affecting physical, emotional, and social well-being. Ayurveda, the ancient Indian system of medicine, offers a holistic understanding of female infertility, focusing not just on reproductive organs but on the balance of the body’s fundamental energies—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. According to Ayurvedic principles, healthy conception depends on proper nourishment of reproductive tissues, balanced hormones, and unobstructed reproductive channels. Identifying and addressing the root causes through diet, lifestyle, and herbal support is central to restoring fertility naturally.In this article we will discuss in detail about causes of female infertility in detail.
| Category | Common Causes |
|---|---|
| Ovulatory Disorders | PCOS, hormonal imbalances, premature ovarian failure, hypothalamic dysfunction |
| Tubal Factors | Blocked fallopian tubes, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), endometriosis |
| Uterine Factors | Fibroids, congenital abnormalities, endometrial polyps, Asherman’s syndrome |
| Cervical Factors | Abnormal cervical mucus, infections |
| Systemic Illness | Diabetes, thyroid disorders (hypo/hyperthyroidism), obesity |
| Lifestyle | Stress, smoking, alcohol, poor diet, lack of sleep |
| Age-Related | Decline in oocyte quality and quantity after age 35 |
| Unexplained | In 10–15% of cases, no definite cause is found |
AYURVEDIC CAUSES OF FEMALE INFERTILITY (Vandhyatva) :
1. Agnimandya (Low Digestive Fire/ low metabolism ) :
Improper digestion leads to the formation of ama (toxins) which block the arthava vaha srotas (reproductive channels). This results in undernourishment of shukra dhatu, affecting ovum quality.
2. Vata Dosha Imbalance (Apana Vata Vitiation) :
Apana vata governs functions like menstruation, ovulation, and childbirth. Its vitiation causes irregular or painful menstruation, scanty flow, and implantation failure. Causes include stress, irregular lifestyle, fasting, and excessive physical exertion.
3. Pitta Dosha Imbalance :
Pitta governs hormonal regulation. An aggravated pitta can lead to infections, inflammation in reproductive organs, early menopause, or ovulatory dysfunction.
4. Kapha Dosha Imbalance :
Kapha provides structure and nourishment. Its aggravation leads to sluggish metabolism, PCOS, obesity, and hormonal imbalances that interfere with ovulation.
5. Beeja Dushti (Defective Ovum) :
Due to improper diet, lifestyle, or congenital reasons, the ovum may be underdeveloped or unfit for fertilization.
6. Rakta and Artava Dushti :
Impurity or deficiency in menstrual blood (artava) indicates poor endometrial health or insufficient hormonal support for ovulation and implantation.
7. Srotorodha (Obstruction in Channels) :
Blockage in reproductive channels due to ama and kapha can affect the uterus, fallopian tubes, or ovaries, leading to functional infertility.
8. Violation of Rajaswala Paricharya :
Improper care during menstruation disturbs the natural cleansing process and aggravates doshas, contributing to future infertility.
CLASSIFICATION OF VANDHYATVA (AYURVEDIC TYPES) :
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Sahaja Vandhya | Congenital infertility – considered incurable |
| Kalaja Vandhya | Due to aging and natural decline in fertility |
| Dosha Vandhya | Caused by vitiated doshas – considered treatable |
| Daiva Vandhya | Due to karmic or unexplained causes – difficult case |
| Yoni Vyapad Janya Vandhya | Due to gynecological disorders like Yoni Vyapad |
MODERN INVESTIGATIONS USED IN ASSESSMENT :
- Hormonal profile: FSH, LH, TSH, Prolactin, AMH
- Transvaginal ultrasound (TVS): For PCOS, fibroids, endometrium
- Hysterosalpingography (HSG): To check fallopian tube patency
- Diagnostic laparoscopy: For detecting endometriosis or adhesions
- Ovulation tracking through BBT or LH kits
- Semen analysis of the male partner
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